Fuel-heater



A. GENAULTn FUEL HEATER. APPLICATION FILED EPT.19. ISIS.

Patenluly 6, 19207,

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To all i? 'may concer/af. n i

vlle it knownthat I, ALBERT GNAULT, a citizen` or the French Republic, residing at Courbevoie, Seine, France, Llzlltue Victor' llugo, have invented certain new land use-` I lul improvements lin FueLHeaters, of which the following is a specificatiom lhis invention consists in improvements t iny carbureters for internal combustion enlll dll

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ginea mainly for' using heavy hydrocarbons such as 'petroleum te.y

The improvements consist moreparticularly'in a peculiar diffusion apparatus forV edecting a perfect atomization or mixture of the hydrocarbonwiththe airin such a" manner as to produce a completely homogeneous and` explosive mixture. t

The improvements forming the subject matter et the invention consistessentially in causing air charged with hydrocarbon supplied from any suitable kind otcarburete'r, to pass :alternately through a plurality ot' series or' passages ol small diameter that have been 'suitably designed asa `tunction ot the requisite velocities of the mixture for producing atomization, andthrough expansion chambers.

The accompanying 'drawing illustrates by way dll examplev a colistructional form of an apparatus embodying the improvements et this invention. 3

lnl principle the improved apparatus con-` "siste ot a carbureter casing; l and its sprayer '52; ot the usual type which projects partially withinthe outlet branch 2 et the carburetor and above which are arranged blocks-3 and 4l, the adjacent edges of which are nested together as at 3 while the lower portionolf the upper bloclr is recessed tovprovide an erpension chamber 5. 4 4

'lhese blocks are pierced with passages 6 and t ,of small diameter and are inclosed by a heating chamber 7 provided with two branches 8, 9. 'lhe lower portion ol the chamber l is threaded and removably engaged with' the adjacent portionot the branch 2 and is formed with aseat lor accommodating the projecting flange portion at the lower edge oit the lower bloclr d. A.

rigid manner, A valve 11,*arranged in the i y Spccication'of Letters lPatent.

ingthe admission of the mixture to the engine. i v

Operation: The hydrocarbon and Vair drawn from the carbureter 1 and sprayer 2,

1n the `condition of a non-homogeneous mixture, by the action oli the depression. produced by the suction of the engine piston, enter the passages 6 in the block 4. The

Vhigh velocities, the molecular friction and the contraction to which they are thereby subjected, edect their atomization by an intimate mining of the hydrocarbon and air.

'lhe mixture then passes into the eXpansion chamber 5 whence it passes farther through a series of passages 6a of still smaller diameter in the block 3 for rendering the atomization still more complete. rlhe mixture then passes tothe engine by way .ot the' branch 2.

vln order to facilitate the carburation and avoid condensation of the hydrocarbon, the, passages 6, 6a are heated, eitherby means ot a hot water circulation, or preferably by j blocks 3, t are heated to a suitable temperature.- lheir mass and the small diameter ol' the passages cause these blocks to act to a certain extent as heat-accumulators, thereby avoiding sudden changes in the heating temperature. The small vdiameter of the passages assures an intimate contact between the mixture to be heated and the hot surfaces ci the passages.

rlhe illustrated apparatus is given solely by way of example. The vnumber of the blocks and ol the intermediate expansion chambeysmay be increased without departing from the essential nature ol the invenldlaving now particularly described' and l l *A Patented duly 6, 1920. 4 v Applicationltlled cptembcr 19; i918. Serial lilo. total-i2.

ascertained the nature ot my said invention p and in what manner the same is toA be perl. The combinationwith the outlet branch oi' a carbureter, of a pair ol' sqperposed and partially' nested blocks interposed in the branch and provided with longitudinal passages, the passages in the upper block being smaller than the passages in the lower block, one of the blocks being recessed at the adjacent edges ofl the blocks to provide an a heating chamber surrounding the blocks in spaced relation and having its lower portion removably connected to the branch and provided with a seat for accommodating the lowermost lange, a fianged sleeve surrounding the upper part of the branch and resting on the upper flange of the upper block, and a union embracing the flanged sleeve and detaehably engaged with the upper part of the heating chamber for removably clamping the parts in a substantially rigid com pact position.

3. The combination with a earbureter having an outlet branch, of a heater easing detachably connected to the outlet branch and provided with an inlet and an outlet, a pair of superposed and partially nested blocks lo"ated in the heater casing and each provided with ay series of integral walls dividing the blocks into a series of longitudinal passages`r one of the blocks being recessed at the adjacent ends of the blocks to provide an expansion eliainber, the outer-surfaces of the blocks being spaced away from the wall of the heater casing to provide a heating chamber havA ing the outer surface of the blocks as its inner wall', a second outlet branch bearing against the upper block, and means detachably connecting the Second branch and heater Casing and holding said blocks in ixed position within the heater Casing.

Dated this 7th day of August, 1918.

In testimony whereof I allixvmy signature.

ALBERT GNAULT. 

